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viasalis Themenweg Wandern Salzkammergut Bad Ischl Salzberg via salis experience history Via Salis ways of salt Via Salis ways of salt Bad Ischl and the salt IGM Interest group Mitterbergstollen Salt has been mined in Bad Ischl since 1563. Historical tunnel entrances, the mountain church, miners' houses, the former Schaffersag and other localities can on Via Salis be visited.... Die ehemalige Bergsäge am Pernecker Salzberg bei Bad Ischl ist ein montanhistorisches Denkmal ersten Ranges The blessing of the coveted mineral salt lay over the entire Salzkammergut. Hence the name, which is made up of the words Kammergut and Salz... Between 2013 and 2018, the "Interessengemeinschaft Mitterbergstollen" ( IGM ) restored a total of 12 tunnel portals at considerable expense... Continue reading Weiterlesen » Continue reading Continue reading NEWS Project: Saving the historic saw at the Maria Theresia tunnel No posts published in this language yet Once posts are published, you’ll see them here.

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Via Salis Bad Ischl Wegbeschreibung 6 qwerqwer 1 saline 2 salt shipping 3 wire source 4 beech room 5 Sterzen's evening seat 6 Hopfgarten 7 New Perneckerstrasse 8th Hubkogel 9 Linskogel Solestube 11 gypsum mining 10 Marterl Buchwald Michael 12 Pernecker Gorge - Strub 13 Perneck tunnel system 14 Memorial stone for the opening of Perneckerstrasse 15 Power supply in Perneck 16 plaster stamp 17 Dachstein in Perneck 18 Perneck mill 1 village square 2 Emperor Franz's tunnel 2a strand 19 Team van at the Hiasn 20 Double Solestube Au 23 Rosa's waterfalls = 22 Concrete plant Au 21 light station Au 3a Rosa's waterfalls 3 Emperor Leopold Stollen 4 Empress Maria Theresa Stollen 6 Empress Ludovika Stollen 5 Emperor Joseph Stollen 7 Empress Elisabeth Stollen 21 Moosberg tunnel 22 Antonius Dickelberger Strasse 25 pit locomotive Village shop Perneck 8th Empress Amalia Stollen 20 Emperor Franz Josef Erbstollen 9 mountain church 18 Rabenbrunn tunnel 14 Neuberg tunnel Old Steinberg tunnels 16 17 New Steinberg tunnels 19 Steinberg saw 10 Women's wood studs 11 Lipplesgraben tunnel 11a High water tunnel 12 John Stollen 13 Emperor Matthias tunnels + iron ore 11b main channel 15 Mitterberg tunnel 4 Empress Maria Theresa Stollen Jubiläumswarte Hinterradrunde Hinterrad Runde Stationsbeschreibungen Reinfalzrunde Reinfalz Runde Stationsbeschreibungen Soleleitung Ischl Interesting: 100 years of the Sandling landslide Hutneck rack railway Moore water salt Dark moments: salvage of art objects 1944/45 Ischl Ways to us: Are you interested in a guided tour? Registration by phone or email 067761168967 Horst Feichtinger horst.feichtinger@gmx.at

02 The Emperor Franzens – Stollen Stud Name: Until 1808 "Lower Kaiser Franz - Stollen", then "Kaiser Franz Stollen" Emperor Franz II./I. (son of Emperor Leopold II), reigned 1792 - 1835 Struck: May 1, 1794 - together with Emperor Leopold - tunnels Length: 884m - 1834 propulsion set Altitude: 588 m The Kaiser Franz tunnel was struck together with the Kaiser Leopold tunnel on May 1, 1794. Around 1800, the Kaiser Franz tunnel had only been extended to 65 bars (77.7m). In 1809 the Court Chamber considered building a mountain house for Emperor Franz -- Stollen, for which 4244 fl. building costs were estimated. In 1811, the Verwesamt bought the building and garden area of 300 square meters from the owner Balthasar Gratzer for 150 fl Rent of 10 fl. In 1813 the Bergmeister Dicklberger was the first to move into the beautiful "Unteres Berghaus". The administration was in no hurry to drive the Kaiser Franz tunnel. From 1818 to 1822, tunneling was stopped altogether because the crew was needed to secure squeezing sections, and from then until 1830 the tunnel only advanced by 7 rods (8.4 m) into the field. It was now 743 Stabel (884.0m) long and still needed 1187 Stabel (1418.5m) to reach the salt line. It didn't come to that, in 1834 the administration stopped the construction of the tunnel altogether, with the intention of re-occupying it only after the completion of the Kaiser Leopold tunnel. It was not until 70 years later that the Kaiser Franz tunnel was replaced by the 1st blind horizon, which had been driven through the Distler shaft in 1904. From 1966 the "Franzberg - Haus" was used as an administration building for the ammunition depot in Perneck of the Austrian Armed Forces. During this time, a shooting range was installed in the Kaiser Franz tunnel and the tunnel was walled off after about 100m. The "Franzberg House" is now privately owned and cannot be visited. Sources used: Carl Schraml "The Upper Austrian Salt Works from 1750 to the time after the French Wars", Vienna 1934 Carl Schraml "The Upper Austrian Salt Works from 1818 to the end of the Salt Office in 1850", Vienna 1936 Ischl home club "Bad Ischl home book 2004", Bad Ischl 2004 Leopold Schiendorfer "Perneck - A Village Through the Ages", Linz 2006

11 The Lipplesgraben – tunnel Stud Name: "Obernberg - Stollen", original name as a new hill climb above the Mitterberg tunnel in the Perneck salt storage facility. "Lipplesgraben - Stollen", later name as locality designation. Struck: 1567 Length: 236 m Altitude: 1,001 m In 1567, under Emperor Maximilian II, the "Alte Steinberg tunnel" in the Steinberg camp and the "Obernberg tunnel" in the Perneck camp were struck. The Lipplesgraben tunnel, located at 1,001m above sea level, was the highest horizon on the Ischler Salzberg that led to the salt storage. A mountain survey in 1575 found the field site of the Obernberg tunnel in the Tauben and a trial dig sunk from the back of the head, also in very poor mountains. Nevertheless, it was decided to drive the main shaft a further 110 stakes (119.5 m) in the hope that salt would be found again, albeit in vain. In the Obernberg tunnel, later known as the Lippelsgraben tunnel, the Pernecker salt deposit was discovered only by chance. Since the tunnel was started at the outcrop of the Pernecker camp below the Reinfalzalm, only the mostly depleted Haselgebirge could be approached. In 1577, after 14 years of searching and yet nothing special could be found, the mining experts of the Salzamt decided to only design the test dig from the Neuhauser - Kehr im Lipplesgraben - tunnel to a construction and to drain the brine below, a new one Stollen, the Matthias – Stollen, open. Situation of the pumping pits in the Oberberg tunnel - building around 1600: A total of 5 waterworks; on the Neuhauser – bend of the St. Florian – , the Rettenbacher – and an unnamed burrow; on the main shaft of the Spiller - burrow and an unnamed burrow. The main shaft of the Lipplesgraben tunnel first went 128 bars (152.6m) through solid limestone, then 45 bars (53.6m) through barren, exhausted rock to reach the salt limit, where the Neuhauser bend was extended to the right. On the Neuhauser turn there was an old probation pit that was built to investigate the depths of the salt mountains, then the St. Florian - and Rettenbacher - construction and another, unnamed construction. The field location of the 95-stabel (113.2m) long Neuhauser Kehr was in stone and since a stretch of 39-stabel (46.5m) had already fallen, freshwater penetrated there. On the continuation of the main shaft there was the main quarry down the Archduke Matthias tunnel, because of the poor salt mountain 77 Stabel (92.0m) inwards the Spiller construction and another, unnamed construction, which were later undercut by the Archduke Matthias tunnel and have been prepared for discharge weirs. There was also an old test pit and a lettue weir at the site of the main shaft to prevent the inflow of fresh water. The length of the Lipplesgraben tunnel - main shaft from the mouth hole to the field site was initially 424 4/8 Stabel (506.0m); but since 199 ½ poles (237.8 m) had fallen back from the field site, 225 poles (268.2 m) were still open. The two burrows on the main shaft collapsed as well. There were also 4 trenches in the Lipplesgraben tunnel, namely three on the main shaft and one on the Neuhauser bend, namely the drainage trench from the "Lower Water Gallery", which was referred to as the "main treasurer Tusch - Schurf". In addition, there was a test dig from the main shaft and from the Neuhauser - Kehr to explore the salt mountains down to the Archduke Matthias - tunnel. In order to introduce the fresh water required for watering, the "Nieder Wasserstollen" was installed above the Lipplesgraben tunnel at 1,024m above sea level on the Rainfalz. The Nieder Wasserstollen was driven 75 Stabel (89.4m) long in the Tauben Mountains and was connected via a 31 Stabel (37.0m) long watering pit with the Neuhauser - Kehr located in the Lipplesgraben - adit. The fresh water was collected from a spring located above the drainage pit during the day and brought to this pit through vertical wooden pipes. Around 1654 the Lipplesgraben tunnel was almost completely drained. From this time on, the tunnel was only kept open to drain fresh water so that it could not cause any damage to the tunnels below. In 1739 the "middle water gallery" with lateral openings at the Rainfalz and the extension of the drainage system between the mountains were built. Although some water was built with this new tunnel, the hoped-for success was not achieved because the fresh water was still penetrating the Streubel and Seutzen weir in the Frauenholz tunnel. It was not until 1769 that the access to the water was successfully contained by the water digging in the Lipplesgraben tunnel. In 1769 Hofkammerrat Gigant found the surface water that had penetrated into the Frauenholz tunnel well summarized in the Lipplesgraben tunnel. To protect the salt storage against the sedimentation of rainwater, the daytime area at Rainfalz and between the mountains was criss-crossed by a dense network of drainage ditches and side channels, the constant good maintenance of which required great expense. In order to reduce this, the Verwesamt decided in 1795 to give up that part of the drainage system that ran over lettuce, i.e. water-impermeable ground, and where there was no fear of the ingress of surface water. Around 1820, the Lipplesgraben tunnel was kept open for ventilation and for the drainage of the fresh water that had been built in this tunnel by creating several water openings. Those connecting structures that had become superfluous after the drainage pipe was relocated in 1842 were left open. These included the "Niedere Wasserberg - Schachtricht" and the Wasserschurf (Niederer - water tunnel on Lipplesgraben - tunnel), the rear Lipplesgraben - and St. Johannes - tunnel, some stretches in Matthias - and Neuberg - tunnels as well as the Kößler - conversion in the Frauenholz - tunnel. In 1892, the Imperial and Royal Ministry of Finance approved the construction of a workers' accommodation hut made of stone masonry in place of the wooden hut that stood near the Lipplesgraben tunnel opened in 1567. The construction costs amounted to 934 fl 70 Kr. for the land plaque - insert no. 1023, KG Perneck, BP. No. 18 with a size of 32 m². Until 1950, the "Stone and wooden water channel on the Rainfalz and between the mountains" was repaired annually by the Ischl salt mine and the construction crew lived in the tunnel hut near the Lipplesgraben tunnel. On December 31, 1933, the Neuhauser - Kehr and the Wasseröffen in the Lipplesgraben tunnel were closed and shut down. Finally, on April 3, 1934, the proper sealing off of the abandoned Lipplesgraben tunnel was completed and approved in the course of a main inspection. Sources used: Carl Schraml "The Upper Austrian salt works from the beginning of the 16th to the middle of the 18th century", Vienna 1932 Carl Schraml "The Upper Austrian Salt Works from 1750 to the time after the French Wars", Vienna 1934 Carl Schraml "The Upper Austrian Salt Works from 1818 to the end of the Salt Office in 1850", Vienna 1936 Johann Steiner "The traveling companion through Upper Austrian Switzerland", Linz 1820, reprint Gmunden 1981 Michael Kefer "Description of the main maps of the kk Salzberg zu Ischl", 1820, transcription by ThomasNussbaumer, as of 09/13/2016 Alfred Pichler "Lipplesgrabenstollenhütte", LFH Linz, 2003 Anton Dicklberger "Systematic history of the salt pans of Upper Austria", Volume I, Ischl 1807, transcription by Thomas Nussbaumer, as of 06.2018

Salzkammergut Salzbergbau Sozialgeschichte Bruderlade

100 Jahre Bergsturz Sandling 100 years of the Sandling landslide 100 years ago, in September 1920, a massive landslide occurred in the West Face of Sandling. The so-called "Pulverhörndl", around 200 m high, which split off from the West Face of Sandling in a landslide in 1765, collapsed in September 1920. In May 1907 the summit was first climbed. Namely by the Ischl mountain guides Mathias Röchenbauer and Alois Wazinger. A cairn visible from afar at the summit testified to your first ascent. In the years that followed, the summit was climbed more often and the summit stone man soon gathered cards from the best Upper Austrian climbers. Der Sandlingturm, aufgenommen von Franz Maier, 1915. The west side of the Sandling summit with the Pulverhörndl in front of the landslide and the old scree heaps. In anticipation of the catastrophe, the builder, Weinzierl, had the pictured house of the alpine grass garden relocated to the foot of the Raschberg to the west of the stream. The western face of Sandling Peak after the landslide. On the far left, the seating area separates parts of the old scree heap from the new giant screed. About the geology: The Sandling has always been a troubled mountain . Namely, there is a high limestone on plastic Haselgebirge. And 1920 was a very wet, rainy year. This precipitation penetrated through the fissured and waterlogged limestone and marl and softened the underlying clayey layers. In addition, in the Ausseer salt mine in 1920 there were several "heavenly collapses", which destabilized the base of the rock masses of the "Pulverhörndl" just above. Beginning in the spring of 1920, salvos of rock pelted through the West Face of Sandling. Throughout the summer, much more frequently than usual, mighty boulders broke from the weathered rock and thundered down into the valley. Sandling rock stratification, Otto Lehmann 1926 The catastrophe: The sodden layers became this rainy summer literally squeezed out by the solid limestone marls and the limestone resting on them on the west wall. Then, on September 12, 1920, the unheard of happened . 20 people were still on the Vordersandlingalm. In the morning there was increasingly heavy rockfall from the west face, which was increasing constant noise. A climber who approached the summit from Altausse at 1 p.m. thought he heard train traffic, which surprised him because the railway lines were interrupted due to the heavy rain. The view down was already blocked by billowing clouds of dust. At about 4:30 p.m., even more violent boulder falls occurred, notably from the large rock pillars and pinnacles that towered between the Pulverhörndl and the face of the mountain. This was probably the time when the tower moved away from the wall, exposing the rocks wedged behind it. Cracks and faults became visible to the right of the tower, and the forest below slowly sank to the depths. At 5:30 p.m., a dairymaid noticed with horror that the Almboden was beginning to burst. Towards evening the mountain calmed down to some extent after most of the rocks between the Pulverhörndl and the wall had fallen down. Rock masses were no longer pressing on the back of the tower. But on the front, the pressure from the fallen rocks has increased considerably. The Pulverhörndl was now a bit shifted and isolated from the mountain up. But nobody took that as an opportunity to leave the Alm, only sleeping was out of the question. Around 11:00 p.m., a terrible roar began again, and a commotion was already felt in the ground. It was new moon and therefore pitch black, dust covered the pasture, lanterns could not illuminate anything. Now the fear was great: Valuables were hastily buried at the foot of the "Diebskögel" and the decision was made to leave the pasture and the cattle quickly. And not via the usual Almweg south along the Michelhallbach, but via the Raschberg to the Hütteneckalm. No one was harmed by this prudence! The Powder Tower collapsed on the night of September 13 with deafening thunder. Approx. 200,000 m3 of rock poured towards Michelhallbach. A large part of the overlying rock of the Sandlingalm was then torn down, creating a 400 m wide and 100 m deep shell-shaped crack. Incidentally, the entire Sandling was shaken, the entire western wall was speckled with light from stones that had broken out, and the trail through the western wall was then in a desolate condition. The Alm after the disaster: The four huts that were lifted and moved when the Almgrund was devastated. From the fourth by H. Joh. Reisenauer you can only see the ruins on the right in front. The "Diebskögerl" and the pressed and advanced Almgrund, which filled the meadow valley of the stream and leveled it. The objects (clothes and tools) buried at the foot of the "Diebskögerl" on September 12 were completely buried and have remained lost. The Mure: A huge debris flow moved down the valley. Only the southern part of the moraine mass, which had started to move, lost its connection and ended up as a mudflow. The upper, northern part was only loosened and sunk about 40 m deep into the trough created by the outflow of the Haselgebirge. On September 14th, a forest ranger from Bad Goisern, Paul Elsenwenger, was watching the debris flow from the foot of the Raschbergwand when the surrounding forest suddenly began to sway, the ground crunched, roots broke. He was only just able to save himself on the rocky valley wall! The Mure now filled the creek bed of the Michelhallbach and the large Zlambach for about 3.7 km and has dammed the spring streams that flow in on the east side to form two small lakes. 50 m / hour was the initial speed of the Murkopf and covered 2 km in the first 6 days. In the next 10 days he advanced another 1.2 km and in the next 15 days he came to a halt after a total of 3.7 km. View towards the southern part of the eastern tear-out niche. A shattered mound of lias marl covered with tree corpses. The rounded rock tower behind heralds the appearance of the Hallstatt limestone on the eastern slope. Tree corpses covered the debris flow. Reservoir at the mouth of a side stream. Just before it flows into the Zlambach, the Mure divided and an island was formed on which the handsome and spacious Leisling wooden room stood. This was dismantled in days of hard work and salvaged by hand. Witnesses of historical rockfall catastrophes can be found at the foot of the rock tower "Uh-sinnig Kira" (popular expression for "mad scream") at the Michelhallbach. Judging from archaeological excavations, there was already a rockfall accident there during Roman times (approx. in the 5th century AD) . There is historically reliable information about another catastrophe in the spring of 1546 , in which the surface facility of the small Michlhallbach salt mine was buried by a rock avalanche and claimed victims among the miners. The rock flow of 1920 also revealed evidence of this salt mine, namely a weak brine spring. It had been dyed red and exposed in several places. Literature: Company newspaper of the Austrian saltworks April 1928, Bergrat Ing. Hans Reinl The devastation in the Sandlin group, Otto Lehmann, 1926 Geological Map of the Republic of Austria Sheet 96 Bad Ischl, 2012 Mass movements in the hard-to-soft system and their anthropogenic influence, Weidinger JT, Spitzbart I. 2005 Vordersandlingalm 2020 Sandling West Face February 25, 2020 from a helicopter perspective by Raich Markus:

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07 The Empress Elisabeth – Stollen Stud Name: "Empress Elisabeth - Stollen" Wife of Emperor Charles VI, married on August 1st, 1708 in Barcelona Struck: 1712 Length: 750 m Altitude: 812 m The Empress Elisabeth tunnel was opened in 1712 in order to drive under the next higher Empress Amalia tunnel in order to be able to use the salt mountains below. After this stollen was first referred to as "New impact", it was given the name "Empress Elisabeth - Stollen" from 1730. In 1737, after 25 years of tunnelling, the salt limit was reached in the main shaft of the Empress Elisabeth tunnel. Next to the mouth of the tunnel there was a brick smithy and a dwelling for the hewers. But when the middle mountain house and the smithy were built next to the Empress Maria Theresia tunnel in 1783, the two now useless buildings at the Empress Elisabeth tunnel were demolished in the same year. Situation of the weirs in Elisabeth – tunnels around 1800: Length from the mouth hole to the salt boundary 620 mabel (739.0m), from there to the field location 440 mabel 4 hairpin bends and 6 usable weirs. A mountain thickness of 48m was chosen for the Elisabeth tunnel instead of the usual 30-35m. This made it possible to leach a more powerful salt mountain medium between the Ludovika and Elisabeth tunnels with less excavation effort. Because the mountains were too thick, the weirs arranged side by side spread so much during leaching that they threatened to intersect. The resulting, very large fortifications would have weakened the necessary hill forts so much that there would have been collapses. Great caution was therefore required during the leaching operation. In order to be able to avoid an unwanted intersection of the leach chambers, extensive intersection dams were built. The advantage of lower exploration costs for larger rock thicknesses was more than wasted. The water tunnel at the Elisabeth tunnel Due to the small thickness of the Haselgebirge massif in the upper horizons, the workers often reached out to the salt mountain limit, the exposed barren surrounding rock then led to fractures, which again triggered declines in the neighboring works. In 1839 the Nefzer plant in the Ludovika tunnel was lost as a result. Cracks in the sinkage of the Nefzer weir pointed to the imminent collapse of the mountain range above between the Freund works, which had already fallen on the Elisabeth horizon, and the combined weirs of Mohr and Schmied. The neighboring Wolfen weir in the Amalia horizon above had also fallen, so that the breach had already spread over three floors. So all measures to keep the united Mohr - and Schmied - work in the Elisabeth - horizon were still in vain. The destruction of such a large mining area put the Ischler Salzberg in a difficult position. Many workers had to be declared dead or celebrated in order to avoid the deeper decline and the Chotek - Kehr in the Ludovika tunnel, the Stüger - Schurf from Amalia - on Elisabeth - Horizon and Poniatovsky - Schurf from Elisabeth - on Ludovika - Horizon for derivation to be able to secure the looted waters. In 1849, 10 years after the collapse of the Nefzer weir in the Ludovika horizon, the sky of the combined Monsberg and Gerstorf works in the Elisabeth horizon also fell. The danger of new polluted water penetrating the Hasel Mountains and the collapse of the entire camp top threatened the existence of the entire Ischl salt mountain. All renovation work is described in the factory cleaning chapter. Situation of defenses in the Elisabeth tunnel around 1850: A total of 8 weirs, 1 pronounced dead and 1 usable. Freund - weir, Mohr - and Schmidt - weir (cut), Monsperg - and Gerstorf - weir (cut), Schlögel - and Wolfen - weir (cut); Quix - weir in operation around 1850. Sources used: Carl Schraml "The Upper Austrian Salt Works from 1750 to the time after the French Wars", Vienna 1934 Carl Schraml "The Upper Austrian Salt Works from 1818 to the end of the Salt Office in 1850", Vienna 1936 August Aigner "Salt mining in the Austrian Alps", Berg- und Hüttenmännisches yearbook, Vienna 1892 Leopold Schiendorfer "Perneck - A Village Through the Ages", Linz 2006 Johann Steiner "The traveling companion through Upper Austrian Switzerland", Linz 1820, reprint Gmunden 1981 Georg Chancellor "Ischl's chronicle", Ischl 1881, reprint Bad Ischl 1983 Michael Kefer "Description of the main maps of the kk Salzberg zu Ischl", 1820, transcription by Thomas Nussbaumer, as of September 13, 2016

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